Noun( संज्ञा )
Noun is the name of a person, place, thing and idea. in other word naming words are called noun. संज्ञा -किसी व्यक्ति,वस्तु व स्थान के नाम को संज्ञा कहते है।
There are five kind of Noun:-
1. Proper Noun ( व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा )
2. Common Noun(जातिवाचक संज्ञा )
3. Collective Noun(समहुवाचक संज्ञा
4. Material Noun(पदार्थवाचक संज्ञा )
5. Abstract Noun(भाववाचक संज्ञा )
Proper Noun –(व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा )
A Proper Noun is the name of particular person, place or thing. Proper means one’s own. Hence a proper noun is the person’s name.
example. Mohan, Ram, Sita.
Note:-A proper noun should always begin with a capital letter.एक
व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा विशेष व्यक्ति, स्थान या चीज का नाम है।
व्यक्तिवाचक का अर्थ है
अपना। इसलिए एक व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा व्यक्ति या वस्तु का नाम है।
उदाहरण। मोहन, राम, सीता।
नोट: -एक व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा को हमेशा बड़े अक्षर से शुरू करना चाहिए।
Common Noun-(जातिवाचक संज्ञा)
A common noun is the name given in common to any and every personal thing of same kind or class.
Example :– Boy, girl, child, uncle, teacher, actor, Town, street, school ,Valley ,book, table, house.जातिवाचक संज्ञा-
एक जातिवाचक संज्ञा वह नाम है जो सामान्य रूप से एक ही तरह की वर्ग के एक या प्रत्येक व्यक्तिगत चीज को दिया जाता है।
उदाहरण: – लड़का, लड़की, बच्चा, चाचा, शिक्षक, अभिनेता, टाउन, सड़क, स्कूल, घाटी, पुस्तक, टेबल, घर आदि ।
Collective Noun-(समूहवाचक संज्ञा )
A collective noun is the name of a group of our collections of things or persons of the same kind taken together and described as one whole. e.g. Class ,Army, Herd etc.
समूहवाचक संज्ञा- एक सामूहिक संज्ञा, एक ही तरह की एक साथ ली गई और वर्णित की गई वस्तुओं या वस्तुओं के हमारे संग्रह के समूह का नाम है।
साधारण शब्दों में वह वस्तु या व्यक्ति जो किसी समूह का नाम हो। जसै सेना कई सनिको को मिलकर बनती है
Compare the noun under .e.g.
Column (A) & Column (B)
A group of
sheep is called
flock.
A group of
students is called the
class.
A
group of
cattle is called
herd.
A group of
key is called a
bunch.
A collection of
sheep is called the
fleet.
A collection of
soldier is called the
army
.
Material Noun -(पदार्थवाचक (भौतिक )संज्ञा)
Material Noun is the name of the matter of which things are made of.
पदार्थवाचक (भौतिक ) संज्ञा उस चीज का नाम है, जिससे चीजें बनती हैं।
A table is made of
wood.
A picture is made of
clay.
A balloon is made of
rubber.
Pitcher is made of
clay.
A coat is made of
cloth.
Abstract Noun (भाववाचक संज्ञा )
An abstract noun is the name of the some feeling, quality, action or state.
एक
भाववाचक संज्ञा कुछ भावना, गुणवत्ता, क्रिया या स्थिति का नाम है।
Gender of nouns :-
Genders tell us whether a noun belongs to male sex , female sex or to neither of the two.
There are four genders in the English language.
1. Masculine Gender (पुलिंग )
2. Feminine Gender (स्त्रीलिंग )
3. Common Gender (उभयलिंग )
4. Neutral Gender. (तटस्थ लिंग)
(i) Man, boy and male animals are masculine.
(ii) Women, girl and female animals are feminine.
(iii) A noun which has the same form of masculine and feminine is of the common Gender; as parents ,baby child, cousin, author, painter artist etc.
(iv) A lifeless things is of the Neutral Gender as book ,table ,knife, pen etc.
Exception ships are the normally considered feminine and so are countries when referred to by name; as
The ship lost her life-boats in storm.
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